Papel de la enfermera en prevención y rehabilitación cardiaca

Trabajo fin de grado en EnfermeríaEn el mundo mueren al año 17,5 millones de personas a causa de enfermedades cardiovasculares, dentro de estas, 7,4 millones se corresponden con cardiopatía isquémica. Supone la principal causa de muerte a nivel mundial, en Europa y España. La enfermera tiene un papel esencial a la hora de rehabilitar y prevenir las enfermedades cardiovasculares, por un lado en las Unidades de Rehabilitación Cardiaca, el papel de la enferma es educacional, además de proporcionar motivación y ayuda en el autocuidado del paciente.Por otro lado, para la prevención de estas enfermedades, contamos con la enfermera dentro de Atención Primaria que además, ayuda a la rehabilitación de los pacientes que acuden a dicho Centro. Objetivo: Identificar el papel de la enfermera en la prevención y rehabilitación cardiaca. Metodología: Se ha divido en tres etapas: la primera una búsqueda en google académico, una segunda en bases de datos de ciencias de la salud como: Pubmed, Cinhal y Cuiden. Y la tercera en páginas más específicas como la Fundación Española de Cardiología, la Sociedad Española de Cardiología, Enfermería en cardiología, entre otras. Conclusión: Hemos visto el importante papel que desempeña la enfermera a la hora de prevenir y rehabilitar a los pacientes cardiovasculares, tanto dentro de las Unidades de Rehabilitación Cardiaca como en Atención Primaria. Destacan también las numerosas guías sobre el tema, por lo que creemos necesario la elaboración de una única guía donde se vea reflejado el papel de la enfermera.About 17.5 million people die each year of cardiovascular diseases; 7.4 are caused by ischemic Heart disease. It is the main cause of death in the world, Europe and Spain. The nurse plays an essential role when it comes to rehabilitation and preventing the cardiovascular diseases; in the first case, in Cardiovascular Rehabilitation units, the nurse’s role is educational, besides motivating and helping in the patients’ self-care. These units have demonstrated to be very effective for the patient’s. In the second case, to prevent these diseases, we count on the nurses in ambulatory centers which, additionally, help with the patient’s rehabilitation. Objetive: Identify the role of the nurse in cardiac prevention and rehabilitation. Metodology: I divide themetodology in three stages, the first one a search in google academic, the second one in databases of sciences of the health as: Pubmed, Cinhal and Cuiden. And thelastone in more specificpagessuch as Fundación Española de Cardiología, la Sociedad Española de Cardiología, Enfermería en cardiología and more. Conclusion: We have seen the important role that the nurse recovers at the moment of prevention and rehabilitate the cardiovascular patients, as well as inside the Units of Cardiac Rehabilitation as in Primary care. The numerous guides stand out also on the topic, for what I believe necessarily the creation of only one guide where the role of the nurse gets include

Therapeutic Effects of Anti-Bone Morphogenetic Protein and Activin Membrane-Bound Inhibitor Treatment in Psoriasis and Arthritis

Abstract Objective: The transforming growth factor ? (TGF?) inhibitor BAMBI (bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor) has been shown to control differentiation of CD4+ T lymphocytes into either tolerogenic Treg cells or pathogenic Th17 cells, through the regulation of TGF? and interleukin-2 (IL-2) signaling strength. The present study was undertaken to explore the potential beneficial effects of this strategy of pharmacologic inhibition using novel anti-BAMBI monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in different experimental murine models of chronic skin and joint inflammatory/autoimmune disease. Methods: Development of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan-induced psoriatic arthritis (MIP) (n = 18-30 mice per group), imiquimod-induced skin psoriasis (n = 20-30 mice per group), or type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) (n = 13-16 mice per group) was analyzed in a total of 2-5 different experiments with either wild-type (WT) or BAMBI-deficient B10.RIII mice that were left untreated or treated with mAb B101.37 (mouse IgG1 anti-BAMBI), a mouse IgG1 anti-TNP isotype control, anti-CD25, or anti-TGF? mAb. Results: Treatment of normal mice with IgG1 anti-BAMBI mAb clone B101.37 led to expansion of Treg cells in vivo, and had both preventive and therapeutic effects in mice with MIP (each P < 0.05 versus controls). The conferred protection against disease progression was found to be mediated by Treg cells, which controlled the activation and expansion of pathogenic IL-17-producing cells, and was dependent on the level of TGF? activity. Furthermore, treatment with B101.37 mAb blocked both the development of skin psoriasis induced by imiquimod and the development of CIA in mice (each P < 0.05 versus controls). Finally, pharmacologic inhibition of BAMBI with the IgM anti-BAMBI mAb B143.14 also potentiated the suppressive activity of Treg cells in vitro (P < 0.001 versus controls). Conclusion: These results in murine models identify BAMBI as a promising new therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory diseases and other pathologic conditions modulated by Treg cells.Funding was provided by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Plan Nacional I+D+i) co-financed by European Development Regional Fund to RM (SAF2017-82905-R) and JM (SAF2016-75195-R). PA and MI were partially supported by grants from “Luchamos por la Vida Foundation” and the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (IPT2011-1527-010000) associated with Fibrostatin SL, respectivel

CD6 modulates thymocyte selection and peripheral T cell homeostasis

The CD6 glycoprotein is a lymphocyte surface receptor putatively involved in T cell development and activation. CD6 facilitates adhesion between T cells and antigen-presenting cells through its interaction with CD166/ALCAM (activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule), and physically associates with the T cell receptor (TCR) at the center of the immunological synapse. However, its precise role during thymocyte development and peripheral T cell immune responses remains to be defined. Here, we analyze the in vivo consequences of CD6 deficiency. CD6(-/-) thymi showed a reduction in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) single-positive subsets, and double-positive thymocytes exhibited increased Ca(2+) mobilization to TCR cross-linking in vitro. Bone marrow chimera experiments revealed a T cell-autonomous selective disadvantage of CD6(-/-) T cells during development. The analysis of TCR-transgenic mice (OT-I and Marilyn) confirmed that abnormal T cell selection events occur in the absence of CD6. CD6(-/-) mice displayed increased frequencies of antigen-experienced peripheral T cells generated under certain levels of TCR signal strength or co-stimulation, such as effector/memory (CD4(+)TEM and CD8(+)TCM) and regulatory (T reg) T cells. The suppressive activity of CD6(-/-) T reg cells was diminished, and CD6(-/-) mice presented an exacerbated autoimmune response to collagen. Collectively, these data indicate that CD6 modulates the threshold for thymocyte selection and the generation and/or function of several peripheral T cell subpopulations, including T reg cells

(árabe - العربية‎) 2024 الرزنامة الدراسية العلمية

El proyecto “Calendario Científico Escolar 2024” ha consistido en la elaboración de un calendario dirigido al alumnado de educación primaria y secundaria obligatoria. Cada día se ha recogido un aniversario científico o tecnológico como, por ejemplo, nacimientos de personas de estos ámbitos o conmemoraciones de hallazgos destacables. Además, el calendario se acompaña de una guía didáctica con orientaciones para el aprovechamiento educativo transversal del calendario en las clases, incluyendo actividades adaptadas a cada rango de edad y al alumnado con necesidades especiales. Se trata de la cuarta edición de este proyecto de divulgación científica.El proyecto “Calendario Científico Escolar 2024” ha consistido en la elaboración de un calendario dirigido al alumnado de educación primaria y secundaria obligatoria. Cada día se ha recogido un aniversario científico o tecnológico como, por ejemplo, nacimientos de personas de estos ámbitos o conmemoraciones de hallazgos destacables. Además, el calendario se acompaña de una guía didáctica con orientaciones para el aprovechamiento educativo transversal del calendario en las clases, incluyendo actividades adaptadas a cada rango de edad y al alumnado con necesidades especiales. Se trata de la cuarta edición de este proyecto de divulgación científica.Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME); Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA); Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO); Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO); Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA); Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN); Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB); Institut d’Investigació en Intel.ligéncia Artificial (IIIA); Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona - Centre Nacional de Microelectrònica (IMB-CNM); Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM, CSIC). Discapacitodos; Mujeres con Ciencia; Comisión Mujeres y Ciencia de la Sociedad Geológica de España; Asociación Española para el Avance de la Ciencia (AEAC); PRISMA – Asociación para la diversidad afectivo-sexual y de género en ciencia, tecnología e innovación; Círculo Escéptico; Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB); Asociaţia Secular-Umanistă din România; Civiencia; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Evento Ciencia; Europa Laica; Canaima; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Fundación Odón de BuenPeer reviewe

Adelante / Endavant

Séptimo desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere "Purificación Escribano" de la Universitat Jaume

Estudio descriptivo de la mortalidad neonatal en un Hospital Institucional

ANTECEDENTES: la mortalidad neonatal se define como el número de recién nacidos que mueren antes de alcanzar los 28 días de edad. En México, la tasa es del 41% del total de defunciones de menores de cinco años. OBJETIVO: determinar las características de la mortalidad neonatal en un Hospital Institucional. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, de todos los neonatos muertos del año 2008 al 2012, en nuestra institución. Identificamos las defunciones por medio del registro de la Jefatura de Pediatría de nuestra institución y obtuvimos los datos de los expedientes clínicos de neonatos que murieron durante el período entre 2008 y 2012. Excluimos aquellos expedientes incompletos o extraviados. Las variables estudiadas fueron género, peso al nacer, edad gestacional, causa de muerte, comorbilidades, control prenatal, antecedentes de muerte neonatal y patología gestacional. Analizamos con estadística descriptiva.   RESULTADOS: hubo 308 defunciones neonatales. La edad gestacional al nacimiento fue de 30 ± 5 semanas (media y desviación estándar); el peso en gramos de 1944 ± 990. La causa principal de mortalidad fue inmadurez extrema en 19% (58) seguida de asfixia neonatal con 13% (41).   CONCLUSIÓN: las principales características de la mortalidad neonatal encontradas en este estudio son semejantes a las reportadas en la literatura, considerando que la inmadurez extrema y prematurez son las características en las que se presentó mayor mortalidad debemos incidir a través del adecuado control prenatal

Multifaceted effects of soluble human CD6 in experimental cancer models

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020.[Background]: CD6 is a lymphocyte surface co-receptor physically associated with the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex at the center of the immunological synapse. There, CD6 assists in cell-to-cell contact stabilization and modulation of activation/differentiation events through interaction with CD166/ALCAM (activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule), its main reported ligand. While accumulating evidence is attracting new interest on targeting CD6 for therapeutic purposes in autoimmune disorders, little is known on its potential in cancer. In an attempt to elucidate the in vivo relevance of blocking CD6-mediated interactions in health and disease, we explored the consequences of expressing high circulating levels of a soluble form CD6 (sCD6) as a decoy receptor. [Methods]: High sCD6 serum levels were achieved by using transgenic C57BL/6 mice expressing human sCD6 under the control of lymphoid-specific transcriptional elements (shCD6LckEμTg) or wild type either transduced with hepatotropic adeno-associated virus coding for mouse sCD6 or undergoing repeated infusions of recombinant human sCD6 protein. Characterization of sCD6-induced changes was performed by ex vivo flow cytometry and functional analyses of mouse lymphoid organ cells. The in vivo relevance of those changes was explored by challenging mice with subcutaneous or metastatic tumors induced by syngeneic cancer cells of different lineage origins. [Results]: Through a combination of in vitro and in vivo studies, we show that circulating sCD6 expression induces defective regulatory T cell (Treg) generation and function, decreased CD166/ALCAM-mediated tumor cell proliferation/migration and impaired galectin-induced T-cell apoptosis, supporting the fact that sCD6 modulates antitumor lymphocyte effector function and tumorigenesis. Accordingly, sCD6 expression in vivo resulted in delayed subcutaneous tumor growth and/or reduced metastasis on challenge of mice with syngeneic cancer cells. [Conclusions]: Evidence is provided for the disruption of CD6 receptor-ligand interactions as a feasible immunomodulatory approach in cancer.This work was supported by the Worldwide Cancer Research (14-1275), Fundació La Marató TV3 (201319-30), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (SAF-2016-80535-R) co-financed by European Development Regional Fund 'A way to achieve Europe' ERDF to FL; SAF2016-75195-R to JM, SAF2017-82905-R to RM, and SAF2015-70028-R to GG-A. ITS, MO-M, MV-dA, CC, SC-L and FA are recipients of fellowships from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (SFRH/ BD/75738/2011), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (BES-2011-048415; BES-2014-069237; BES-2017-082107), Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte (FPU15/02897), and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Sara Borrell Programme, CD15/00016), respectively

Multifaceted Effects of Soluble Human CD6 in Experimental Cancer Models

Background: CD6 is a lymphocyte surface co-receptor physically associated with the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex at the center of the immunological synapse. There, CD6 assists in cell-to-cell contact stabilization and modulation of activation/differentiation events through interaction with CD166/ALCAM (activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule), its main reported ligand. While accumulating evidence is attracting new interest on targeting CD6 for therapeutic purposes in autoimmune disorders, little is known on its potential in cancer. In an attempt to elucidate the in vivo relevance of blocking CD6-mediated interactions in health and disease, we explored the consequences of expressing high circulating levels of a soluble form CD6 (sCD6) as a decoy receptor. Methods: High sCD6 serum levels were achieved by using transgenic C57BL/6 mice expressing human sCD6 under the control of lymphoid-specific transcriptional elements (shCD6LckEμTg) or wild type either transduced with hepatotropic adeno-associated virus coding for mouse sCD6 or undergoing repeated infusions of recombinant human sCD6 protein. Characterization of sCD6-induced changes was performed by ex vivo flow cytometry and functional analyses of mouse lymphoid organ cells. The in vivo relevance of those changes was explored by challenging mice with subcutaneous or metastatic tumors induced by syngeneic cancer cells of different lineage origins. Results: Through a combination of in vitro and in vivo studies, we show that circulating sCD6 expression induces defective regulatory T cell (Treg) generation and function, decreased CD166/ALCAM-mediated tumor cell proliferation/migration and impaired galectin-induced T-cell apoptosis, supporting the fact that sCD6 modulates antitumor lymphocyte effector function and tumorigenesis. Accordingly, sCD6 expression in vivo resulted in delayed subcutaneous tumor growth and/or reduced metastasis on challenge of mice with syngeneic cancer cells. Conclusions: Evidence is provided for the disruption of CD6 receptor-ligand interactions as a feasible immunomodulatory approach in cancer

CD6 modulates thymocyte selection and peripheral T cell homeostasis

The CD6 glycoprotein is a lymphocyte surface receptor putatively involved in T cell development and activation. CD6 facilitates adhesion between T cells and antigen-presenting cells through its interaction with CD166/ALCAM (activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule), and physically associates with the T cell receptor (TCR) at the center of the immunological synapse. However, its precise role during thymocyte development and peripheral T cell immune responses remains to be defined. Here, we analyze the in vivo consequences of CD6 deficiency. CD6(-/-) thymi showed a reduction in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) single-positive subsets, and double-positive thymocytes exhibited increased Ca(2+) mobilization to TCR cross-linking in vitro. Bone marrow chimera experiments revealed a T cell-autonomous selective disadvantage of CD6(-/-) T cells during development. The analysis of TCR-transgenic mice (OT-I and Marilyn) confirmed that abnormal T cell selection events occur in the absence of CD6. CD6(-/-) mice displayed increased frequencies of antigen-experienced peripheral T cells generated under certain levels of TCR signal strength or co-stimulation, such as effector/memory (CD4(+)TEM and CD8(+)TCM) and regulatory (T reg) T cells. The suppressive activity of CD6(-/-) T reg cells was diminished, and CD6(-/-) mice presented an exacerbated autoimmune response to collagen. Collectively, these data indicate that CD6 modulates the threshold for thymocyte selection and the generation and/or function of several peripheral T cell subpopulations, including T reg cells

VIH-SIDA : proceso asistencial integrado

Publicado en la página web de la Consejería de Igualdad, Salud y Políticas Sociales: www.juntadeandalucia.es/salud (Consejería de Igualdad, Salud y Políticas Sociales/ Profesionales / Nuestro Compromiso por la Calidad / Procesos Asistenciales Integrados).YesEn nuestro país la infección por el VIH se ha convertido en una enfermedad crónica que presenta nuevos retos para los que el sistema sanitario debe establecer los mecanismos adecuados para asegurar el bienestar de estas personas. De esa forma fue publicado en el año 2002 el PAI-VIH/SIDA por la Consejería de Salud. Posteriormente se constituyó el Grupo de Referencia Autonómico de VIH/SIDA, con el objeto de identificar posibles áreas de mejora que precisaran un mayor desarrollo o modificación. Tras los años transcurridos desde la publicación e implantación en el sistema sanitario público de Andalucía del Proceso VIH/SIDA, el Grupo de Referencia se planteó la necesidad de realizar cambios sustanciales en el documento inicial para adaptarlo a la nueva realidad de la Epidemia en Andalucía. El objetivo de esta revisión del PAI-VIH/SIDA ha sido la organización de la atención sanitaria global a este PAI, concibiendo ésta como la necesidad de abordar, de una forma organizada y escalonada, los diversos aspectos que inciden en las personas infectadas y en su entorno, desde una perspectiva interniveles e intersectorial, que abarca tanto actividades en Atención Primaria (AP) y Atención Hospitalaria (AH), como las que competen a cada una de las distintas profesiones sanitarias